Earenfight, Theresa. Queenship in Medieval Europe. New York: Palgrave Macmillan ...

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Earenfight, Theresa. Queenship in Medieval Europe. New York: Palgrave Macmillan (2013), p. 6, citing,"A queen…was a queen-consort when she married a king, a queen-mother when she bore his children, aqueen-regent when she governed...When she was physically where the king was, his acts and decisions could be approved, mediated, or contended by the queen…As a regent or lieutenant, she stood in his place while he was physically elsewhere…They were easy scapegoats for disgruntled enemies…There is no more vivid sign of the power of proximity than when a king orders the exile or imprisonment of a queen.”

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