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Cawley, Charles. 'Russia, Rurikid'. Version 3.2 updated 26 April 2017. Medieval ...
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Cawley, Charles. 'Russia, Rurikid'. Version 3.2 updated 26 April 2017. Medieval Lands: A prosopography of medieval European noble and royal families. Foundation of Medieval Genealogy. http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/index.htm : viewed 2 Ocotber 2017.